The 170 hectare area within the 7km long walls of the city was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. This portion of the city is the embodiment of an authentic medieval city. The Historic Centre has a unity of design that is a testament to creativity and civilization.

The cultural influence of the architecture extended beyond Siena, to Italy and other parts of Europe. Palaces and churches, fountains, tunnels and roads have all been preserved. The bastions, towers and ramparts still guard the city. There is no evidence of modern industrial development and threats from tourism traffic are being managed.

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