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Timisoarais the economic, social, and cultural center of western Romania. The city was built in the 13th century on the site of Castrum Regium Themes, an ancient Roman fortress. The city was destroyed by the Tatars in the 13th century, conquered by the Ottomans in 1552, and taken over by the Austrians in 1718. Turks, Germans, Austrians, and neighboring Serbs all left their traces, making Timisoara diverse, lively, and full of character, with elegant squares, diverse neighborhoods and lush parks. In the heart of the city is the beautiful Victory Square with the towering Romanian Orthodox Metropolitan Cathedral, built in 1936, with a mosaic red tiled roof. Nearby is the Memorial Museum of the 1989 Revolution, offering information about the revolution in Timisoara that brought down the Ceausescu regime. Also in the city center is the elegant 18th-century Habsburg-era Piata Unirii, with the imposing Roman Catholic and Serbian Orthodox cathedrals and lovely, old pastel-hued houses surrounding the square.
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