The Valley of the Fallen, known as the Valle de los Caídos in Spanish, is a monument, memorial, and basilica in the San Lorenzo de El Escorial municipality, considered to be a major landmark of 20th-century Spanish architecture at its construction. The monument, which is located within the Sierra de Guadarrama's Cuelgamuros Valley, was designed by architects Diego Méndez and Pedro Muguruza, meant to evoke the grandeur of ancient monuments in the region. It is the most prominent example of Spanish Neo-Herrerian architectural style, which was widely used in post-war Spanish buildings and traces its roots to international classicism. More than 40,000 Nationalist and Republican graves are preserved at the site, with names of the fallen listed on the monument's register. The surrounding valley, which is located just northwest of the city of Madrid, is preserved in its entirety as a national park.
The Valley of the Fallen, Carretera de Guadarrama/El Escorial, 28209 San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Madrid, Spain