Explore Tucson’s elevated desert landscape—where the city sits nearly half a mile above sea level, surrounded by rugged mountain ranges, stunning views, and a rich history shaped by its elevation and terrain.

Table of Contents

Where is Tucson?

  • Location: Tucson is the county seat of Pima County, Arizona, located just 60 miles from the US-Mexico border.

City Profile

  • Nicknames: Known as Optics Valley and The Old Pueblo, Tucson is rich in history and innovation.
  • Population: Home to over 500,000 residents, with another half-million in the metro area.
  • Size rank in Arizona: Tucson is the second-largest city in Arizona, after Phoenix.

Elevation Basics

  • City elevation: Tucson sits at 2,388 feet (728 m) above sea level on a desert plain.
  • Surrounding mountains: Encircled by the Tucson Mountains, Santa Catalina Mountains, and Santa Rita Mountains.
  • Highest peak nearby: Mount Wrightson in the Santa Ritas rises to 9,453 feet (2,881 m).
  • Name origin: “Tucson” is derived from an Aztec phrase meaning “at the bottom of the black hill,” referring to Sentinel Peak (2,897 feet / 884 m).
  • Sentinel Peak: Famous for the large “A” created from basalt by University of Arizona students.
  • Historic roots: Inhabited for thousands of years, with modern foundations established in the 18th century.
  • University history: The University of Arizona began construction in 1885.
  • Tourism draw: Visitors flock to Tucson for desert beauty, history, and outdoor adventures.

Must-Know Elevation Facts

  • Highest city in Arizona: Flagstaff – 6,910 feet (2,106 m).
  • Highest unincorporated community: Greer – 8,356 feet (2,547 m).
  • Major city elevations:
    • Phoenix: 1,086 ft (331 m)
    • Mesa: 1,243 ft (379 m)
    • Scottsdale: 1,257 ft (380 m)
  • Tucson’s comparison: Higher in elevation than Phoenix, Mesa, and Scottsdale.
  • Arizona’s average elevation: 4,100 feet (1,250 m).
  • Tucson vs. state average: Tucson is nearly 2,000 feet lower than the state’s mean elevation.
  • Highest point in Arizona: Humphreys Peak – 12,633 feet (3,851 m).
  • Lowest point in Arizona: A section of the Colorado River – just 70 feet (21 m) above sea level.

Climate and Exploration

  • Climate type: Tucson has a classic desert climate, marked by aridity and temperature extremes.
  • Seasonal structure: Experiences two main seasons and three minor ones, including a notable monsoon season in July and August.
  • Summer highs: Temperatures often reach 100°F (38°C) or more from May to September.
  • Outdoor recreation: Excellent for hiking, biking, climbing, and camping—especially in Saguaro National Park and nearby ranges.
  • Indoor attractions: Museums, galleries, restaurants, and bars offer rich indoor culture and entertainment.
  • University influence: The University of Arizona fuels Tucson’s energetic and diverse cultural scene, including nightlife.

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