Stirling was created as the royal residence for Alexander I in 1110 and became a Royal Burgh two decades later and continued as the royal residence until 1286 when the Wars of Independence reduced Stirling Castle destroyed the castle. The heirs of Robert the Bruce House of Stewart raised the castle again; however, it continued to have a bloody history full of backstabbing and murder under James II. Mary Stuart was crowned at Stirling Castle, and the heir of James VI, Henry, was raised there. Along with Stirling Castle, other notable attractions include the 12th century Church of the Holy Rude, Battle of Bannockburn Experience, Blair Drummond Safari Park, The National Wallace Monument, Old town Jail, and the Smith Art Gallery & Museum. Stirling