Explore the elevation of Lima—Peru’s sprawling coastal capital where sea-level neighborhoods blend into rising valleys and hillsides, shaping a vibrant cityscape steeped in history, culture, and geographic contrast along the Pacific Ocean.

Table of Contents

Where is Lima?

  • Location: Lima is located on the Pacific Coast of Peru, nestled between the Lurin, Rimac, and Chillon river valleys.
  • Area: Spans 1,031.8 square miles (2,671.8 km²).
  • Population: Approximately 8.8 million people in the city, with over 12.1 million in the metro area.

City Profile

  • Capital status: Lima is the capital and largest city in Peru.
  • Founded: 1535 by Francisco Pizarro.
  • Original name: Ciudad de Los Reyes (“City of Kings”).
  • Historical role: Capital of Spanish South America, major trade hub.
  • Major earthquakes: Devastated in 1687, 1746, and 1940, each requiring major rebuilding efforts.
  • Modern status: A commercial, cultural, and economic center of South America.

Elevation Basics

  • Elevation range: From 0 feet (0 m) at sea level to as high as 5,090 feet (1,550 m) in eastern hillsides.
  • Geography: Built across coastal plains, river valleys, and mountain slopes.
  • Average elevation of Peru: 5,102 feet (1,555 m), much higher than Lima’s highest areas.

Must-Know Elevation Facts

  • National high point: Huascarán – 22,205 feet (6,768 m), highest peak in Peru and the Andes.
  • National low point: Bayóvar Depression in the Sechura Desert – 112 feet (34 m) below sea level.
  • Other city comparisons:
    • Cusco: 11,152 feet (3,399 m)
    • Machu Picchu: 7,927 feet (2,430 m)
    • Arequipa: 7,661 feet (2,335 m)
    • Trujillo: 112 feet (34 m)
    • Lima: Lower in elevation than most major Peruvian cities

Climate and Tourism

  • Climate type: Mild desert climate with subtropical influence.
  • Temperature variation: Lima experiences stable temperatures year-round.
  • Rainfall: Very low annual precipitation – just 6 inches and around 18 rainy days per year.
  • Hottest month: February – average highs of 80°F (27°C)
  • Coolest month: August – average lows of 60°F (15°C)
  • Popular attractions:
    • Plaza Mayor
    • Costa Verde
    • Cathedral of Lima
    • Government Palace
    • Larco Museum
  • What draws visitors: World-famous cuisine, historic architecture, live music, and vibrant cultural events.

Plan Your Trip